Pickled Mustard Fish (酸菜鱼 Suan Cai Yu): One of the best dishes to eat in China

Discovering the Delicious and Unique Flavors of Pickled Mustard Fish: A Must-Try Dish in Chinese Cuisine


Suan cai yu, also known as Sichuan pickled fish, is a popular dish in China’s Sichuan province. Sichuan province is located in southwestern China. It is bounded to the north by Shaanxi and Gansu, to the west by Qinghai and Tibet, to the south by Yunnan, and to the east by Chongqing municipality. Sichuan is the fourth-most populous province in China, with a population of over 80 million people. Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan province, is one of China’s largest cities and is known for its spicy cuisine and beautiful natural scenery.

Suan cai yu is made by pickling fish in a mixture of vinegar, chili pepper, ginger, and other spices. As a result, the dish is tangy and spicy, and it is frequently served as a condiment or side dish. Suan cai yu is commonly made with freshwater fish, such as carp or catfish, and is typically enjoyed with rice or other staple grains. It is thought to have health benefits, similar to other pickled dishes, such as aiding digestion and boosting the immune system.

Pickling has been used to preserve food in China for thousands of years. The practice most likely began during the Western Zhou dynasty (1046-771 BC), when people began preserving food with salt. To improve the flavor of the preserved food, various spices and herbs were added to the pickling brine over time. Pickled vegetables became a common feature in Chinese cuisine during the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), and the practice of pickling continued to develop and evolve over the centuries. Pickled vegetables are now widely used in many traditional Chinese dishes.

Suan cai yu is a tangy and spicy dish with a unique flavor profile. The pickling vinegar imparts a tangy and sour flavor to the fish, while the chili pepper and other spices add a spicy kick. The type of fish used also influences the flavor of suan cai yu, with freshwater fish such as carp or catfish being the most commonly used. Overall, the flavor of suan cai yu is complex and well-balanced, with a combination of sour, spicy, and savory notes.

The exact history of suan cai yu is not well documented, but it is likely that the dish has been enjoyed in the Sichuan province of China for many centuries. Pickling fish dates back to ancient times and was a common method of preserving food prior to the invention of refrigeration. Suan cai yu is made by pickling fish in a mixture of vinegar, chili pepper, ginger, and other spices, giving it a distinct flavor and extending its shelf life. Suan cai yu is now a popular dish in Sichuan province, known for its tangy and spicy flavor. It is commonly served as a condiment or side dish with rice and other staple grains.

The exact differences between suan cai yu among different regions of China would depend on the specific recipe used in each region. However, it is likely that there are some variations in the ingredients and spices used to make suan cai yu in different parts of China. In the Sichuan province, where the dish originated, it is typically made with chili pepper and other spicy spices, whereas it may be made with less spicy or more mild ingredients in other regions. Furthermore, the type of fish used to make suan cai yu varies by region, with different local fish species used in different parts of the country. The flavor of suan cai yu varies depending on where it is made.


chinese pickled fish suan cai yu
Yunnan-style suan cai yu

The exact recipe for suan cai yu varies, but it usually includes the following steps:

  1. First, the fish is cleaned and cut into small pieces.
  2. Next, it is soaked in a mixture of vinegar, salt, and other seasonings for several hours or overnight to allow the flavors to penetrate the fish.
  3. After the fish has been pickled, it is drained and placed in a pot with additional seasonings, such as chili pepper, ginger, garlic, and other spices.
  4. The pot is then covered and placed over medium heat, and the fish is cooked until it is tender and fully flavored.
  5. Once the fish is cooked, it is removed from the pot and allowed to cool. It is then ready to be served as a condiment or side dish.

Making suan cai yu involves a process of pickling the fish in vinegar and spices, followed by cooking it to fully develop its flavor. The specific ingredients and seasonings used will vary depending on the recipe, but the general method will remain the same.

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